英语语法复习冠词学案：doc全文下载 href="/Upload/UploadFiles//coach_UploadFiles_8112/201311/2013112508543681.doc">高中英语语法复习冠词学案：doc全文下载
冠词学案
学习目标：
1. 掌握冠词的基础用法：特指，类指，泛指, 熟记定冠词和零冠词的特殊用法；
2. 掌握和某些抽象名词连用，使其具体化；
3. 理解有无冠词意义不同的词组；
4. 关注冠词的灵活运用即一些固定短语，特殊句式。
◆ 冠词在高考中的考查重点：
冠词虽小，只有a，an和the三个，但却是历年各地高考必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在完形填空和短文改错中出现。
1. 〖10重庆〗Everything comes with price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.
A. a, a B. the, / C. the, a D. a, /
导语：选 解析：题干中的price为可数名词意思是 “代价”, 为可数名词,其前用不定冠词a表示泛指； 第二空前边的no such thing 相当于 not such a thing。
2. 〖10北京〗First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _____ second chance to make _____ first impression.
A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a
导语：选 解析：第一空用不定冠词a，a second chance 表示“再给一次机会”；第二空表示特指。
3. 〖10山东〗If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.
A. 不填； the B. 不填；a C. the; a D. the；the
导语：选 解析：由句意可知，坐在汽车的前面指的是坐在汽车内的前面，所以用the front of; 第二空表泛指，所以用不定冠词。
4. （2010.四川）In ____ most countries, a university degree can give you____ flying start in life.
导语：选 解析：第一空，复数名词表示泛指，之前不用冠词，第二空表泛指用不定冠词。
5. 〖09四川〗In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study ________ second foreign language. 21世纪教育网
导语：选 解析：job 是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且指单数，故用不定冠词；后一空a second表示“再一，又一”
6. 〖09全国II〗What I need is book that contains ABC of oil painting.
1导语：选 解析：前一空应表达的意思为“一本书”而不是“那本书”， 故用不定冠词；后一空ABC表示“基础知识，启蒙知识”，故应用定冠词。
7. 〖09北京〗The biggest whale is ______ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of _______ 9-story building. 21世纪教育网
导语：选 〖解析〗第一空用the+n表示类别, 是指blue whale这一类动物；第二空用a表示泛指。
8. 〖09安徽〗We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. 2
导语：选 〖解析〗因为sky和world原本是独一无二的, 但这里前面都有了形容词修饰, 表示会出现一个什么样的sky和world, 这里就属于泛指了。
9. 〖08江西〗--- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
--- It is not your fault. With _____ rush-hour traffic and ____ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a
导语：选 〖解析〗句意为：——开会来晚了我非常抱歉。——这不是你的错, 这正是上下班的高峰期而且又下了大雨, 难怪你来晚了。第一个空特指高峰时间拥挤的交通；第二个空特指双方所指的大雨。
10.〖08陕西〗I ate _________ sandwich while I was waiting for _________ 20:08 train.
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a
导语：选 〖解析〗sandwich是可数名词, 且在句中首次出现, 表示泛指, 其前须加不定冠词；而 “二十点零八分的火车”是特指的惟一的概念, 故其前须加定冠词the。
小结：考查 通过 和 来判断。
Ⅱ.
1. 〖09浙江〗I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got ______ rough idea of _____ project plan.
A. the; a B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the
导语：选 〖解析〗前空构成短语get a+adj+idea of sth, 泛指一种大体的想法, 后空指双方都知道的那个project计划。
2．〖08辽宁〗My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ______ energy.
A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填；the D. a; the
导语：选 〖解析〗句意为：我的邻居叫我去散步, 但我认为我没有（那样的）力气。第一个空go for a walk为固定短语；第二个空特指散步用的力气。
3. 〖10辽宁〗There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.
A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the
导语：选 〖解析〗第一空in space 是固定短语, 不用冠词, 第二空名词earth属于独一无二事物的名词, 其前必须用定冠词。
4. 〖10浙江〗Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up weakening of the human body.
A. a; / B. /; the C. a; the D. /; /
导语：选 〖解析〗对……有害用短语 “do harm to”表示, 中间无需冠词；之后的weakening是由动词的ing形式表示抽象的名词, 表达一种概念、状况时需要加上the。
5. 〖09全国卷Ⅰ〗Let’s go to ______ cinema ---- that’ll take your mind off the problem for ___ while.
A. the;the B. the; a Ｃ. ａ：ｔｈｅ Ｄ．ａ：ａ
导语：选 解析：go to the cinema 与for a while 均为习惯搭配，分别指“去看电影”和“一会儿”。
6. 〖09陕西〗What ___ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive ___ prize!
A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the
导语：选 〖解析〗第一空所填冠词与上下文构成固定句型what a pity that…, 用不定冠词a；第二空后名词表示表特指, 用定冠词the, 选C。
7. 〖08山东〗Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.
A. 不填；a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a
导语：选 〖解析〗the Internet因特网, 为固定搭配；as a resource “作为一种资源”, 此处用a表示泛指。
8. 〖08江苏〗We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.
A. the; the B.不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填
导语：选 〖解析〗by sea经海路, by the sea在海边；表示大陆、大洋等的名词前通常加定冠词the。
9. 〖08浙江〗______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填
导语：选 〖解析〗第一个空指一个苹果, 是泛指；第二个空考查hit sb. in/on the+部位, 表示 “击打某人的某个部位”。
10. 〖07江西〗Many people have come to realize that they ahould go on ___balanced diet and make ____ room in their day for exercise.
A.a;/ B.the; a C.the;the D./;a
导语：选 〖解析〗go on a balanced diet 进行均衡饮食，为固定搭配。第二空make room“腾地方；找机会”，为固定搭配。
小结：考查 通过 和 来判断。
Ⅲ.
〖10福建〗It’s good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.
A. 不填, a B. a, 不填 C. the, a D. a, the
导语：选 〖解析〗good feeling指一种美好的感觉，并非特指, 故用a；pleasure是抽象名词, 无需冠词。
〖09江西〗Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world. 21世纪教育网
导语：选 〖解析〗Air pollution 是抽象名词这里是泛指, weather 这里是特指全球的气候, 根据the weather around the world 可知。
〖07 福建〗—How about Christmas evening party?
—I should say it was success.
A.a; a B.The; a C.a;不填 D.the; 不填
导语：选 〖解析〗第一空指双方都知道圣诞晚会；第二空意为“一次成功的晚会”，表泛指。
〖06 全国Ⅱ〗I know you don’t like music very much. But what do you think of music in the film we saw yesterday?
A. 不填；不填 B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;the
导语：选 〖解析〗music意为 “音乐”, 前不用冠词。第二个music指电影中的音乐, 表示特指, 要用定冠词the。
〖06 湖南〗In________ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of________ heart disease by 76%.
A. a; the B. the;a C. a ;不填 D.不填;a
导语：选 〖解析〗review表示“汇报，报告”时是可数名词, 表示泛指要用不定冠词a。disease表身体某一部位的疾病时不可数，不用冠词。
小结：考查 通过 和 来判断。
小试牛刀：
1. 【12全国II】 He missed ______ gold in the high jump, but will get _____ second chance in the long jump. A. the; the B. /; a C. the; a D. a; /
2. 【12四川卷】We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes. A. an; the B. 不填; the C. 不填; a D. the; a
3. 【12安徽卷】Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.
A. / ； a B. / ；the C. the ; a D. the ; the
4. 【12辽宁卷】 I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone. A. the; the B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an
5. 【12全国新课程】Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.
A.不填；a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; a
6. 【12山东卷】 Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times. A. the; the B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填；a
7. 【11全国卷】It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man. A.a; a B.a; the C.the; the D.a; 不填
8. 【11全国卷II】As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight.
A. the;不填 B. a; the C.不填a D. the; a
9. 【11山东卷】Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.
A.不填；the B. a; the C. the; a D.不填；a
10. 11浙江卷】Experts think that __________recently discovered painting may be ________ Picsso. A.the ;不填 B. a ;the C. a ; 不填 D. the; a
11. 【11四川卷】Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, “ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”
A. 不填；A B.不填；The C.the; The D.a; A
12. 【11重庆卷】In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude. A. the, / B. a, an C. a, / D. the, an
13. 【11陕西卷】As is known to all, People’s Republic of China is biggest developing country in the world.
A.the ;不填 B. 不填 ；the C. the ；the D. 不填；不填
14. 【11江西卷】——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.
—— Right, he will also get paid by _____ week.
A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D.a; a
15. 【12江西卷】The Smiths don’t usually like staying at ____ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by_____ sea. A. /; a B. the; the C. /; the D. the; a
16. 【12浙江卷】The developmemt of industry has been ____ gradual process thoughout _____ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.
A. /; the B. the; a C. a; / D. a;a
17. 【12重庆卷】Sam has been appointed _____ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George. A. /;/ B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the
18. 〖10江苏〗The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.
A.不填； a B. 不填；the C. the； a D. the； the
19. 〖09重庆〗Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become popular name.
A. a; the B. /; a C. /; the D. the; a
20. 〖08湖南〗Have you heard ______ news？The piece of _______ petrol is going up again!
A. the, the B. 不填, the C. the, 不填 D. 不填, 不填
21. 〖08全国II〗It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ______ break.
A. a ; a B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
22. 〖08四川〗In the United States, there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found.
A. a; the B. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a
23. 〖08重庆〗In many places in China, _____ bicycle is still _____ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the;the
24. 〖07 全国II〗—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?
—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.
A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /
25. 〖07 山东〗________ walk is expected to last all day, so bring------- packed lunch.
A. A;a B. The; 不填 C. The ; a D. A ; 不填
26. 〖07 北京〗I looked under _____bed and found ______bokkd I lost last week.
A.the; a B. the: the C. 不填；the D. the:;不填
27. 〖07 湖南〗Polar bears live mostly on______sea ice, which they use as ______platform for hunting seals.
A. a; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填
28. 〖07 江苏〗We have every reason to believe that_____ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be_____ success.
A. / … a B. the … / C. the … a D. a … a
29. 〖07陕西〗In film Cast Away.Tom Hanks plays man named Chuck Noland.
A.a; the B.the; a C.the; the D.a; a
30. 〖07 四川〗How about taking ______ short break? I want to make _______ call.
A. the；a B. a；the C. the；the D. a；a
冠词在短文改错中的考点: 真题单句再现
短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用，有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别(包括 a 与 an 的区别)。其中，涉及最多的是，当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时，其前漏用不定冠词；另外，冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。
(1) After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened.
(2) I decided to climb the tree to see where we were.
(3) Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports.
(4) Good health is person’s most valuable possession.
(5) Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings.
(6) There is public library in every town in Britain.
(7) Maybe you could come during a winter holidays.
(8) Today I visited the Smiths — my first visit to a American family.
(9) Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team.
(10) Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another.
(11) I’ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday.
(12) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.
(13) For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery(奥秘).
(14) We may be one family and live under a same roof.
(15) As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.
(16) My teacher advised me to keep my diary.
(17) When I was boy, the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival.
(18) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.
(19) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even last lifetime.
(20) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire.
(21) As we all left home at early age,…