掌握一些英语构词法，对单词的记忆和理解有很大的帮助，下面笔者列举一些常用的词缀和词根。
一. 常见的前缀
1.表示否定意义的前缀
1) 纯否定前缀
a-, an-, asymmetry（不对称）anhydrous（无水的）
dis- dishonest, dislike
in-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular
ne-, n-, none, neither, never
non-, noesense
neg-, neglect
un- unable, unemployment
2) 表示错误的意义
male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调)
mis-, mistake, mislead
pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience
3) 表示反动作的意思
de-, defend, demodulation(解调)
dis-, disarm, disconnect
un-, unload, uncover
4) 表示相反，相互对立意思
anti-, ant- antiknock( 防震), antiforeign,(排外的)
contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow(逆流)
counter-, counterreaction, counterbalance
ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy
with-, withdraw, withstand
2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀
1) a- 表示"在……之上"，"向……"
aboard, aside,
2) by- 表示"附近，邻近，边侧"
bypath, bypass(弯路)
3) circum-, circu-, 表示"周围，环绕，回转"
circumstance, circuit
4) de-, 表示"在下，向下"
descend, degrade
5) en-, 表示"在内，进入"
encage, enbed(上床)
6) ex-, ec-, es-, 表示"外部，外"
exit, eclipse, expand, export
7) extra-, 表示"额外"
extraction （提取）
8) fore- 表示"在前面"
forehead, foreground
9) in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示"向内，在内，背于"
inland, invade, inside, import
10) inter-, intel-, 表示"在……间，相互"
international, interaction, internet
11) intro-, 表示"向内，在内，内侧"
introduce, introduce
12) medi-, med-, mid-, 表示"中，中间"
Mediterranean, midposition
13) out-, 表示"在上面，在外部，在外"
outline, outside, outward
14) over-, 表示"在上面，在外部，向上"
overlook, overhead, overboard
15) post-, 表示"向后，在后边，次"
postscript(附言)，
16) pre-, 表示"在前"在前面"
prefix, preface, preposition
17) pro-, 表示"在前，向前"
progress, proceed,
18) sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示"在下面，下"
subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement
19) super-, sur-, 表示"在…..之上"
superficial, surface, superstructure
20) trans-, 表示"移上，转上，在那一边"
translate, transform, transoceanic
21) under-, 表示"在…..下面，下的"
underline, underground, underwater
22) up-, 表示"向上，向上面，在上"
upward, uphold, uphill(上坡)
3. 表示时间，序列关系的前缀
1) ante-, anti-, 表示"先前，早于，预先"
antecedent, anticipate,
2) ex-, 表示"先，故，旧"
expresident, exhusband
3) fore-, 表示"在前面，先前，前面"
foreward, dorecast, foretell(预言)
4) mid-, medi-, 表示"中，中间"
midnight, midsummer
5) post-"表示"在后，后"
postwar,
6) pre-, pri-, 表示"在前，事先，预先"
preheat, prewar, prehistory
7) pro-, 表示"在前，先，前"
prologue(序幕)，prophet(预言家)
8) re-, 表示"再一次，重新"
retell, rewrite
4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀
1) by-, 表示"副，次要的"
byproduct, bywork(副业)
2) extra-,表示"超越，额外"
extraordinary,
3) hyper- 表示"超过，极度"
hypersonic(超声波), hypertesion(高血压)
4) out-,表示"超过，过分"
outdo(超过), outbid(出价过高的人)
5) over-，表示"超过，过度，太"
overeat, overdress, oversleep
6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示"低，次，副，亚"
subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带)
7) super-, sur- 表示"超过"
supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass
8) under-,表示"低劣，低下"
undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足)
9)
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vice- 表示"副，次"
vicepresident, vicechairman
5. 表示共同，相等意思的前缀
1) com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示"共同，一起"。
connect, combine, collect, combat, coexist, co-operate
2) syn-, syl-,sym-,表示"同，共，和，类"
symmetry, sympathy, synthesis(合成)
6. 表示整个完全意思的前缀
1) al- 表示"完整，完全" alone, almost,
2) over-表示"完全，全" overall, overflow(充满)
3) pan-表示"全，总，万" panentheism(泛神论)，panorama
7. 表示分离，离开意思的前缀
1) a- ab-, abs-,表示"分离，离开" away, apart, abstract, abstain
2) de- 表示"离去，处去" depart, decolour,
3) dis-, di-, dif-, 表示"分离，离开" divorce, disarm(缴械)
4) ex-, e-, 表示"离开，分离" expel, exclude, expatriate(驱出国外)
5) for- 表示"离开，脱离" forget, forgive
6) 表示"离开" release, resolve
7) 表示"分离，隔离" separate, seduce, select
8. 表示通过，遍及意思的前缀
1) dia-,表示"通过，横过" diameter, diagram,
2) per-, pel-, 表示"通，总，遍" perfect, perform, pervade(浸透)
3) trans-, 表示"横过，贯通" transparent, transmit, transport
9. 表示加强意思的前缀
a-, arouse, ashamed
ad-, adjoin, adhere( 粘着)
10. 表示变换词类作用的前缀
be-, befriend,
en-, enslave, enable, enrich
ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-, adapt, accord, affix, aggression, arrive, assist, attend, attract, arrange, assign(委派)
11. 表示数量关系的前缀
1) 表示"单一"，"一"
mon-, mon-, monotone(单调)，monopoly, monarch
uni-, un-, uniform, unicellular(单细胞)
2) 表示"二，两，双"
ambi-, ambiguous, amphibian(两栖类)
bi-, bin- bicycle, di-, diode(二级管)，
twi-, twilight
3) 表示"十" deca, deco-, dec- deci-, decade, decimals
4) 表示"百，百分子一"
hecto-, hect-, hectometer,
centi-, centimeter
5) 表示"千，千分子一" kilo-, kilometer
6) 表示"万，万分子一"
myria-, myri-, myriametre
mega-, meg-, megabyte
micro-, microvolt (微伏特)
7) 表示"许多，复，多数"
multi-, mult-, multipmetre (万用表)
poly-, polysyllable,
8) 表示"半，一半"
hemi-, hemisphere
demi-, demiofficial
semi-, semiconductor, semitransparent
pene-, pen-, peninsula
12. 表示特殊意义的前缀
1) arch-, 表示"首位，第一的，主要的" architect, archbishop
2) auto-, 表示"自己，独立，自动" automobile, autobiography
3) bene-, 表示"善，福" benefit
4) eu-, 表示"优，美好" eugenics(优生学)， euphemism
5) male-, mal- 表示"恶，不良" maltreatment, malodor,
6) macro-, 表示"大，宏大" macroscopic(宏观)
7) magni-, 表示"大" magnificent
8) micro-, 表示"微" microscope
13. 表示术语的前缀
1) aud-, 表示"听，声" audience,
2) bio-, 表示"生命，生物" biography(传记)
3) ge-, 表示"地球，大地" geography
4) phon-, 表示"声，音调" phonograph
5) tele-, 表示"远离" television, telephone
二. 常见的后缀
1. 名词后缀
(1) 具有某种职业或动作的人
1) -an, -ain, 表示"……地方的人，精通……的人" American, historian,
2) -al, 表示"具有……职务的人" principal,
3) -ant,-ent, 表示"……者" merchant, agent, servant, student,
4) -ar, 表示"……的人" scholar, liar, peddler
5) -ard, -art, 表示"做……的人" coward, laggard, braggart(夸张者)
6) -arian, 表示"……派别的人， ……主义的人" humanitarian, vegetarian
7) -ary, 表示"从事……的人" secretary, missionary
8) -ant, 表示"具有……职责的人" candidate, graduate
9) -ator, 表示"做……的人" educator, speculator(投机者)
10) -crat, 表示"某种政体，主义的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat
11) -ee, 表示"动作承受者" employee, examinee
12) -eer, 表示"从事于……人" engineer, volunteer&nbs
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p;
13) -er, 表示"从事某种职业的人, 某地区，地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager
14) -ese, 表示" ……国人，…..地方的人" Japanese, Cantonese
15) -ess, 表示"阴性人称名词， actress, hostess, manageress
16) -eur, 表示"……家" amateur, littérateur
17) -ian, 表示"……地方人，信仰…….教的人，从事……职业的人" Christian, physician(内科医生)， musician
18) -ician, 表示"精通者， ……家，" electrician, magician, technician
19) -icist, 表示"……家， …….者, …….能手" physicist, phoneticist, technicist
20) -ic, 表示"……者，……师" mechanic, critic
21) -ie, 表示"爱，指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘)
22) -ier, 表示"从事……职业" cavalier, clothier, brazier(黄铜匠)
23) -ine, ian, 表示"阴性人称" heroine, ballerina
24) -ist, 表示"从事……研究者， 信仰……主义者" pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist
25) -ive, 表示"动作者，行为者" native, captive
26) -logist, 表示"……学家，研究者" biologist, geologist(地质学家)
27) -or, 表示"……者" author, doctor, operator,
28) -ster, 表示"做…….事情的人" youngster, gamester(赌徒)，songster
29) -yer, 表示" 从事……职业者" lawyer
(2). 构成，具有抽象名词的含义
1) -acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" accuracy, diplomacy
2) -age, 表示"状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称" courage, storage, marriage
3) -al, a) 表示"事物的动作，过程" refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval
b) 表示具体的事物 manual, signal, editorial, journal
4) -ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度" endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience
5) -ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,
6) -bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility, feasibility,
7) -craft, 表示"工艺，技巧" woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft（治国策）
8) -cracy, 表示"统治，支配" bureaucracy, democracy
9) -cy, 表示"性质，状态，职位，级别" bankruptcy(破产)，supremacy
10) -dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom
11) -ery, -ry, 表示"行为，状态，习性" bravery, bribery, rivalry
12) -ety, 表示"性质，状态" variety, dubiety(怀疑)
13) -faction, -facture, 表示"作成，……化，作用" satisfaction, manufacture
14) -hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood
15) -ice, 表示"行为，性质，状态" notice, justice, service
16) -ine, 表示"带有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine
17) -ing, 表示"动作的过程，结果" building, writing, learning
18) -ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction
19) -ise, 表示"性质，状态" exercise, merchandise(商业)
20) -ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
21) -ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度" purity, reality, ability, calamity
22) -ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument
23) -mony, 表示"动作的结果，状态" ceremony, testimony
24) -ness, 表示"性质，状态，程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
25) -or, -our, 表示"动作，性质，状态" favor, error,
26) -osity, 表示"动作，状态" curiosity
27) -ship, 表示"情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业" hardship, membership, friendship
28) -th, 表示"动作，性质，过程，状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
29) -tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)
30) -ure, 表示"行为，结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)，
31) -y, 表示"行为的结果，状态，性质" glory, history, victory, inquiry
(3) 带有场所，地方的含义
1) -age, 表示"住所，地点" village, cottage
2) -ary, 表示"住所，场地" library, granary (谷仓)
3) -ery, ry, 表示"工作场所，饲养所，地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室)
4) -ory, 表示"工作场所，住处" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory
(4) 带有
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学术，科技含义
1) -grapy, 表示"……学，写法" biography, calligraphy, geography
2) -ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics
3) -ology, 表示"……学……论" biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)
4) -nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)
5) -ery, 表示"学科，技术" chemistry, cookery, machinery
6) -y, 表示"……学，术，法" photography, philosophy
(5) 表示人和事物的总和，集合含义
1) -age, baggage, tonnage
2) -dom, newspaperdom(新闻界)
3) -hood, neighbourhood, womanhood
4) -ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁)
5) -ure, legislature, judicature
(6) 表示物品和物质名称的含义
1) -ant, ent, solvent, constant
2) -al, signal, pictorial(画报)
3) ar, collar, pillar(石柱)
4) - er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker
5) -ery, drapery(绸缎)
6) -ing, clothing, matting,
7) -ment, instrument, equipment, attachment
(7) 表示"细些的含义
1) -cle, particle,
2) -cule, molecule(分子)
3) -el, parcel
4) -en, chicken, maiden
5) -et, pocket, ticket
6) -etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文)
7) -kin, napkin
8) -ling, duckling,
9) -let, booklet
10) -y, baby, doggy
3. 形容词后缀
（1） 带有"属性，倾向，相关"的含义
1) -able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible
2) -al, natural, additional, educational
3) -an, ane, urban, suburban, republican
4) -ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent
5) -ar, similar, popular, regular
6) -ary, military, voluntary
7) -ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,
8) -ine, masculine, feminine, marine
9) -ing, moving, touching, daring
10) -ish, foolish, bookish, selfish
11) -ive, active, impressive, decisive
12) -ory, satisfactory, compulsory
13) -il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)
(2) 表示"相象，类似"的含义
1) -ish, boyish, childish
2) -esque, picturesque
3) -like, manlike, childlike
4) -ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
5) -some, troublesome, handsome
6) -y, milky, pasty
(3) 表示"充分的"含义
1) -ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
2) -ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various
3) -ent, violent,
(4) 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义
1) -en, wooden, golden, woolen
2) -ous, gaseous
3) -fic, scientific
(5) 表示方向的含义
1) -ern, eastern, western
2) -ward, downward, forward
(6) 表示"倍数"的含义
1) -ble, double, treble
2) ple, triple
3) -fold, twofold, tenfold
(7) 表示"数量关系"的含义
1) -teen, thirteen
2) -ty, fifty
3) -th, fourth, fiftieth
(8) 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义
1) -an, Roman, European
2) -ese, Chinese,
3) -ish, English, Spanish
(9) 表示"比较程度"的含义
1) -er, greater
2) -ish, reddish, yellowish
3) -est, highest
4) -most, foremost, topmost
(10)其他的含义
-less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless
3. 动词后缀
1) -ize, ise, 表示"做成，变成，……化" modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
2) -en, 表示"使成为，引起，使有" quicken, weaken, soften, harden
3) -fy, 表示"使……化, 使成" beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
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4) -ish, 表示"使，令" finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5) -ate, 表示"成为……，处理，作用" separate, operate, indicate
4. 副词后缀
1) -ly, possibly, swiftly, simply
2) -ward, -wards, downward, inwards, upward
3) -ways, always, sideways
4) -wise, otherwise, clockwise
学点构词法（2）
三. 常见的词根
常见的词根
1) aer, ar, 含义是"空气，大气" aeroplane, aerial,
2) ag, act, ig, 含义是"做，动作" active, agent, reaction,
3) alt, 含义是"高"， altitude,
4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是"其它，变更" alternate,
5) bio, bi, bion, 含义是"生物，生命" biology, bionics(仿生学)
6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是"短" brief, abbreviation, abridge(节略)
7) cap, capt, cept, cip, 含义是"取，获" capture, except, concept, capacity
8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是"行，让步" proceed, succeed, excess(过度)
9) centr, centr, 含义是"中心" concentrate, eccentric(偏心的)
10)clain, clam, 含义是"呼喊" claim, proclaim, exclaim
11)clos, clud, 含义是"闭合" conclude, enclose, include
12)col, cult, 含义是"耕耘" colony, cultivate, agriculture
13)cor, cord, 含义是"心" cordial, record, accord
14)curr, cur, cour, 含义是"跑，动作" current, occur, concurrence(同时发生)
15)dic, dict, 含义是"说，示" dictate, edit, indicate, predict
16)doc, doct, 含义是"教" doctor, document
17)duc, duct含义是"引导，传导" introduce, produce, conduct, deduct( 推论)
18)fact, fac, fect, dic, dit, 含义是"做，创造" factory, effect, profit, faculty, perfect
19)fend, fens, 含义是"打，击" defence, offence
20)fer, 含义是"搬运，移转" ferry, transfer, defer(迟延)
21)fin, finit, 含义是"终，极" final, finish, confine
22)firm, 含义是"坚固" firm, confirm, affirm(断定)
23)fix, 含义是"固定" prefix, affix(附加)
24)flect, flex, 含义是"弯曲" flexible, reflex
25)flor, flour, flower, 含义是"花" flower, flourish
26)form, 含义是"形" uniform, formula, transform, reform, deform
27)forc, fort, 含义是"力，强度" force, enforce, effort
28)gen, genit, 含义是"生产，发生" generate, generation
29)gram, graph, 含义是"书写，记录" telegram, diagram, photograph
30)grad, gress, gred, gree, 含义是"步，阶段" gradually, degree, progress
31)hab, habit, hibit, 含义是"保持，砖 inhabit, exhibit, prohibit
32)her, hes, 含义是"粘附" adhere, cohesion
33)ject, jet, 含义是"抛射" project, inject
34)jour, 含义是"日，一天" journal(日记), journey, adjourn(延期)
35)jug, junct, 含义是"结合，连合" conjunction, junction(连合)
36)labour, labor, 含义是"劳动，工作" labourer, elaborate, collaborate
37)lect, leg, lig, 含义是"挑选，采集" collect, select, lecture
38)lif, liv, 含义是"生活，生存" life, alive, live
39)loc, 含义是"场所，位置" location, dislocate(脱位)
40)long, leng, ling, 含义是"长的" length, prolong, linger
41)loqu, locut, 含义是"说话" colloquial, eloquent,
42)mand, mend, 含义是"命令" command, demand, recommend
43)man, manu, 含义是"手，手法" manage, manual
44)memor, menber, 含义是"记忆" memory, remember, memorial
45)mind, ment, 含义是"心" mind, remind, mental
46)merc, merch, 含义是"贸易" commerce, merchant
47)meas, mens, meter, metr, 含义是"测量，度量" measure, meter, diameter
48)min, 含义是"些 diminish, minority
49)miss, mit, 含义是"派遣，送" mission, dismiss, transmit, missile
50)mob, mot, mov, 含义是"动" movement, motion, mobile, remove
51)nect, nex, 含义是"捆扎" connect, disconnect, an
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nex(合并)
52)not, 含义是"记号，注意" note, denote, annotation(注释)
53)onom, onym, 含义是"名字" synonym, antonym, anonymous
54)pair, par, 含义是"a)相同，对等b)准备" compare, prepare
55)pel, puls, 含义是"追逐" expel, impel(推进)
56)pend, pens, pond, 含义是"悬挂" depend, independent, expense(支付)
57)phon, 含义是"声音" symphony, telephone, microphone
58)plac, 含义是"位置，场所" place, replace
59)peopl, popul, publ, 含义是"人民，民众" public, republic, popular, people
60)port, 含义是"搬运" export, import, deport(输送)
61)press, 含义是"压，压制" pressure, express, oppress, impression
62)prob, proof, prov, 含义是"实验，验证" prove, approve,
63)quer, quest, quir, quis, 含义是"寻找，探问" inquiry, question, inquisition(调查，追究)
64)rang, rank, 含义是"排列" arrange, rank,
65)rect, right, rig, 含义是"正，直" correct, direct, erect
66)riv, 含义是"河流，流远"，river, arrive, derive
67)rupt, 含义是"破坏，毁坏" eruption, bankrupt, corruption
68)sci, 含义是"认识，知识" science, conscious
69)scrib, script, 含义是"书写，记录" describe, script
70)sens, sent, 含义是"感觉，情感" sensation, sentiment
71)sign, 含义是"标记，符号" signal, signature, design
72)sembl, simil, 含义是"相似，类似" similar, resemble, assimilate(同化)
73)soci, 含义是"结合，社交" social, association
74)spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是"看，视" inspect, spectator, conspicuous, respect
75)struct, 含义是"建筑，构造"structure, construct, instruct, destruction
76)tect, teg, 含义是"遮蔽，掩盖" detect, protect
77)temp, tens, 含义是"时间，时机" tense, contemporary, temporal
78)tend, tes, tent, 含义是"倾向, 伸张" tendency, intension, extend, intend
79)test, 含义是"证明，证实" testify, protest, contest(争论)
80)text, 含义是"编织， 构成" textile, texture, context
81)tract, trail, 含义是"拖拉，吸引" attract, tractor, abstract, contract(收缩)
82)tribut, 含义是"给予" contribution, distribute
83)us, ut, 含义是"用，使用" usable, utilize, abuse
84)vac, van, 含义是"空，虚" vacancy, vanity, evacuate(清空)
85)vad, vas, wad, 含义是"走，去" invade, wade, evade(逃避)
86)vers, vert, 含义是"旋转，反转" convert, inversion(倒转)， reverse, divert(使转向)
87)vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是"观看，看见" television, visible, evident, interview, survey
88)viv, vit, 含义是"生，活" vivid, vital, survival,
89)war, ward, 含义是"注意，保护" aware, wary(谨慎)， ward(守护)
90)way, 含义是"路" way, away, subway, always
意义 介词 常用短语
时间time in in 1999, in 20 century, in a flash(瞬时), in a lucky hour(在幸运时刻), in a minute, in a second, in a short time, in a while, in a wink(一瞬间) in advance(预先), in an emergency(在紧急地时候), in an evil hour(在不幸地时刻), in an instant, in ancient times, in broad day(在大白天), in course of, (在…期间), in December, in due course(及时地), in future, in good season(及时地), in no time(马上), in one’s childhood, in one’s spare time, in one’s teens, in one’s youth, in recent years, in season(适时), in seconds(在很短的时间), in some cases(有时候), in spring, in the afternoon, in the beginning, in the daytime, in the end, in the evening, in the future, in the long run(最后), in the meantime, in the morning, in the nick of time(在紧急关头), in the night, in the past, in the thick of (在最激烈的时刻), in the thick of(在最激烈的时刻), in t
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his period, in those days, in time of war, in time，
on on a certain day, on a sudden(突然), on a winter morning, on Christmas Day, on night shift, on one’s birthday, on schedule(按时), on Sunday, on that date, on the eve of, on the following day, on the instant(马上), on the moment(立刻), on the Monday morning, on the New Year’s Eve, on the next morning, on the point of(正在…时候), on the spur of the moment(立刻) on this day, on this occasion, on time,
at at a time(在某时), at a wedding(婚礼), at all times(一直), at any moment, at any time, at Christmas, at dark (天黑时), at dawn(在黎明), at daybreak, at dinner-time, at dusk(在黄昏), at Easter, at first sight,(一见到), at first, at last, at midnight, at night, at nightfall, at noon, at present, at six clock, at sunrise, at sunset, at that moment, at that time, at the age of, at the beginning of , at the correct time, at the end of, at the last minute, at the moment, at the present stage at the same time, at the stage(眼下) at the start, at the time being, at the time of, at the very start, at this point(此时), at this season, at this time of day, at times(有时）
地点place in in a car, in a queue, in advance of (在…前面), in all the direction, in appearance, in corners(在角落里) in doors, in front (of), in good light(在光线好的地方), in heaven, in place(position)(在适当地位置), in places(处处), in port(在港内), in public places, in shore(靠岸), in society, in the air(在空中) in the bank, in the book(书的内容里), in the centre(在中央), in the countryside, in the distance(在远处那边), in the east of(在…东部) in the east, in the fields, in the film, in the front rank(在前列), in the front row, in the lab, in the letter(信的内容), in the middle of, in the moonlight, in the newspaper(报纸的内容里), in the open air(在户外), in the open(在野外), in the picture, in the rain, in the room, in the shade of, in the sky, in the suburbs of, in the sunshine, in the tree, in the universe, in the vicinity of(在附近), in the warm(在暖和的地方) in the world, in(on) the bus, in(on) the street,
on on board (在船上) on camera(出现在电视上), on campus, on deck(在甲板上), on earth, on high(在高处), on land, on the bank, on the beach, on the borders, on the ceiling, on the coast, on the committee, on the corner(在拐角处), on the east of(在…的东面) on the farm, on the first floor, on the football field, on the (play)ground, on the horizon, on the island, on the left/right,. on the market, on the page 12, on the railway line, on the river, on the road, on the roof, on the sea, on the shore, on the side of, on the team, on the track(在轨道上), on the water(在水面上), on top of, on(in) the wall,
at at a bookshop, at a&
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nbsp;distance(在远处), at that place, at the airport, at the back of, at the base of, at the bottom of, at the centre (of)(在中心), at the corner, at the crossroads, at the desk(在书桌旁), at the door, at the edge of, at the end of, at the foot of, at the front, at the gate, at the head of, at the meeting, at the mine(在矿山), at the party, at the place, at the pub, at the rear of, at the seaside, at the station, at the stop, at the top of, at the window, at(in) the cinema, at(in) the library, at(in) the office, at(in) the village, at(on) the weekend
状态state in in progress(在进行中), in a dilemma(处于进退两难的境地), in a hurry, in a tight corner(处于困难中), in action(在行动中), in an emergency, (处于紧急情况中), in anxiety, in astonishment, in bad mood(心情不好), in bad temper(心情不好，生气), in bed, in blossom(bloom) (在开花 ), in bonds(在拘留中), in chains(在囚禁中), in charge(看管), in church, in class, in collision(在冲突中), in commission (在服役), in condition(健康情况良好), in confusion (在混乱中), in control (of), in court(出庭), in custody(拘留), in danger, in debt(负债), in deep water(s)(处于困境), in demand(有需求) in despair, in difficult, in dispute(在争论), in doubt, in employment, in exile(在流放), in fear and trembling(提心吊胆), in flight(飞行), in flood, in full blossom(开着花), in good condition, in good health, in high spirits, in horror, in hospital, in isolation. in love, in motion, in need (of) in operation(在运转), in order(状态良好), in panic, in peace(平安)(at peace和平), in peril(处于危险), in place, in power, in practice(在实践中), in preparation, in process(在进行中), in production, in progress(前进，进行中), in pursuit(在追赶中), in question(正被讨论), in rehearsal(在彩排), in retirement(退休), in retreat(在撤退) in sail(张着帆) in secret, in service, in session(在会议中), in short supply, in silence, in sorrow, in stock(有库存) in store(储藏着) in succession, in surprise, in suspension(悬浮中) in tears(流着泪) in the field(在作战), in the press(在印刷), in the red(负债), in the same boat(处境相同), in the works(在计划中), in thought, in trade, in triumph, in trouble, in use, in view(被考虑), in wonder, in work(有工作), in work, in(at) college, in(at) school, in(at) university,
draw ~ 拉走 get ~ 逃走，离开 put ~ 收起来 break ~ 逃脱 come ~ 离开 keep ~ 不准接近
2) 减少，减弱(indicating loss, lessening, weakening)
burn ~ 烧尽 brush ~ 刷掉 die ~ 消失 drain ~ 流走 melt ~ 融化 pass ~ 消失 rub ~ 擦掉 wash ~ 冲走 wipe ~ 擦掉 boil ~ 汽化
3) ( indicating separation, apart)
cut ~ 切掉 give ~ 赠送 put ~ 抛弃，收起
介词in, on 和at表示时间，地点和状态的常用短语
在英语中介词的使用频率比较高，而介词in, on和at 又是介词中使用频率比较高的词，笔者收集了介词in, on 和at表示时间，地点和状态的常见的短语, 请注意一些短语用不同的介词，意义不同，有些区别不大。
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