一、关系代词who， whom， whose， which， that引导定语从句的基本用法：

　　1. who/whom/that

　　三者都可指代人： who作主语， whom 作宾语， that既可以作主语， 又可作宾语。

　　如：

　　He is a good teacher who/that is loved by all.

　　Here is the man （whom） you are looking for.

　　注意： ①在口语中， who 可以代替whom作宾语。②关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时， 一般可省略。

　　2. whose 可修饰人，也可修饰物； 修饰物时， 可与of which换用，whose在定语从句中作定语。如：

　　I saw some trees whose leaves were black with diseases.

　　= I saw some trees the leaves of which were black with diseases.

　　3. that/which/that/which指代物， 在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。如：

　　Emei is a wonderful place which/that is worth visiting.

　　The film （which/that） we saw last night is wonderful.

　　二、须特别注意以下几种特殊情况：

　　1. 常用that 不用which的情况：

　　① 先行词为all， anything， everything， nothing， something等时。如：

　　I will do all （that） I can to help you.

　　② 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only， the very等所修饰时。如：

　　He was the only person that joined the army in his village that year.

　　③ 先行词既有人，又有物时。如：

　　They talked about the people and the things （that）they remembered in the school.

　　④ 当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时， 定语从句用that 引导， 以避免重复。如：

　　Who is the boy that was here just now？

　　2. 若被修饰的名词充当从句介词宾语时， 介词可提前于引导词之前，此时的引导词只能用whom 或which.如：

　　The pencil with which he was writing broke.

　　3. 当先行词为way时，其后的定语从句用in which或 that引导，也可不用引导词。如：

　　I don’t like the way （in which/that） he talks to me.

　　巩固练习：

　　从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　1. To tell the truth， this is the only thing _______ I have in the world.

　　A. which B. that C. what D. of which

　　2. Everyone was on time for the meeting but Chris， ______ is usually ten minutes late for everything.

　　A. that B. which C. who D. whom

　　3. George Orwell， _______ was Eric Arthur， wrote many　 political novels and essays.

　　A. the real name B. what his real name

　　C. his real name D. whose real name

　　4. It is ______ he said it that surprised me.

　　A. the way B. in the way that

　　C. in the way D. the way which

　　5. The girl to ______ I spoke is one of my old friends.

　　A. who B. whom C. that D. which

　　Key： 1-5 BCDAB