诊断练习：
1.－Excuse me, sir. Smoking is not allowed here.
－Oh, sorry, I _________.
A. have known B. don’t know C. didn’t know D. hadn’t known
2.－How long_______ you_______ in
－For just 2 days. I’ll be back next week.
A. are; staying B. have; stayed C. did; stay D. do; stay
3. His parents would have sent him to school, but they_______ so poor.
A. had been B. were C. have been D. are
4. －May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o’clock tonight ?
－I’m sorry. Mr. Williams________ to a conference long before then..
A. will have gone B. had gone C. would have gone D. has gone
5. －Where have you been all these days?
－I______ with my cousins because my parents have gone abroad on business.
A. stayed B. was staying C. have stayed D. am staying
6. I_______ you of the danger of fast driving –now, what can we do with the broken car?
A. was reminding B. reminded C. had reminded D. have reminded
7. －Is Lin Tao a solider?
－No, but he________ in the army for three years.
A. has served B. had served C. was serving D. served
8. －We______ to put off our school sports meet until next month.
－I_______ that.
A. have decided; didn’t expect B. decided; didn’t expect
C. have decided; haven’t expected D. decide; don’t expect
9. －You haven’t said a word about my new hair-style, Molly. Don’t you like it?
－I’m sorry I ______ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty.
A. wasn’t saying B. didn’t say C. won’t say D. don’t say
10. －Is John going away?
－I think so. He ________ for a better job, but he didn’t get it.
A. hopes B. had hoped C. was hoped D. has hoped
11. The crazy fans _____patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
A. were waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait
12. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon ______ to his old ways.
A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned
13. －Why weren’t you at the meeting?
－I______ for a long-distance call from my father in Australia.
A. have been waiting B. was waiting C. had waited D. waited
14. －Bob has gone to California. I hear.
－Oh, I wonder when he ______.
A. has left B. leaves C. left D. was leaving
15. －What happened to you the other day?
－I _____ to Beijing, but I missed my flight.
A. would fly B. was flying C. had flown D. flew
基本用法：
英语时态有16种，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。
1、一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
3) 表示格言或警句中。如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
2 一般过去时的用法
表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me.
2）情态动词 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
3. 一般将来时
表示将来的动作或状态。
1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。
will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。
Which paragraph shall I read first.
Will you be at home at seven this evening?
2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。
c. 有迹象要发生的事
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
4.现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状 态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去 但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或 状态。其构成： have (has) +过去分词。
5.过去完成时
1） 概念：表示过去某一段时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。
----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2） 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
注意： had no … when 还没等…… 就……
had no sooner… than 刚…… 就……
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it..
6.将来完成时
1) 构成will / be going to do sth.
2) 概念
a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。
b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。
They will have been married for 20 years by then.
You will have reached
7.现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法：
a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel.
(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
You are always changing your mind.
8. 过去进行时
1） 概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2） 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。
3) 常用的时间状语
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.
It was raining when they left the station.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
9. 将来进行时
1) 概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。
She'll be coming soon.
I'll be meeting him sometime in the future.
注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能说 I'll be having a talk with her.
2）常用的时间状语
Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening
By this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach.
常见考点：
考点一、纵观历年的高考题不难发现，高考有关时态的考查呈现这样一个趋势， 原来单纯在一个简单句中给定明确的时间状语的试题少了，即单纯语法知识的题目减少了，代之以给出一个上下文情景或结构较为复杂的句子，增加干扰因素，要求学生在理解上下文语境的情况下的深层次的语用考查，也就是说考查学生的灵活运用语法知识的能力。
考点二、英语中主从复合句的时态原则上要保持一致：如果主句是过去时，从句要用相应的过去时，如果主句是现在时，从句可根据需要选择适当的时态。
考点三、当主句是一般将来时，时间、条件、让步等状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来，或用现在完成时表示将来完成。
考点四、注意在下列结构或句型中应该现在什么时态： It（This ／That）is the first time（that）…; It（This ／That）is the only ／the first ／the best…（that）…
考点五、注意现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别：
Someone has phoned you.(打了电话) Someone has been phoning you.(一直在打电话)
I've read the novel.(已读完) I've been reading the novel.(还没读完)
高考题链接及能力拓展训练：
1. －Where _______?
－I got stuck in the heavy traffic, or I ______ here earlier.
A. did you go; had arrived B. are you; was
C. were you; would come D. have you been; would have been
2. －Steven Hawking gave a lecture last week. Did you go to it?
－No, I ________. How many people attended it?
A. was not informed B. have not been informed C. had not informed D. didn’t inform
3. －Alice, you look puzzled. Have you understood it?
－Yes, I ________ another problem just now.
A. have thought B. was thinking of C. had thought of D. thought
4. You are still here? I _______ you______
A. think; are leaving for B. think; have already left for
C. thought; would soon leave for D. thought; had already left for
5. －What can I do for you, sir? －No, thanks. I _________.
A. just look around B. have just looked around
C. am just looking around D. just looked around
6. －We_______ to put off our school sports meet until next month.
－I _______ that.
A. have decided; didn’t expect B. decided; didn’t expect
C. have decided; haven’t expected D. decide; don’t expect
7. －Why didn’t you say hello to him yesterday?
－What a shame! But never before_______ I ______ him.
A. /; had met B. have; met C. did; meet D. had; met
8. －Look! Somebody has drunk all the beer.
－It’s not me. I ________ that.
A. haven’t done B. wasn’t doing C. didn’t do D. won’t do
9. －Tommy, isn’t it time you_______ the school bus?
－Okay, I _______ my breakfast.
A. must catch; have almost finished B. catch; will almost finish
C. caught; am almost catching D. should catch; almost finish
10. －You look tired.
－Yes, I _______ non-stop until seven o’clock.
A. am working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked
11. －Beijing is worth visiting. I ______ there with my parents during the holidays.
－I agree. I have been there twice.
A. went B. have gone C. have been D. am going
12. The novels written by the author sell best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he _____ in the literary world.
A. was playing B. was to play C. had played D. played
13. －You haven’t said a word about the design, Michael. What’s your idea?
－I’m sorry I_______ about something else.
A. was thinking B. thought C. am thinking D. had thought
14. I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but _______.
A. I’m not invited B. I have not been invitedC. I was not invited D. I will not be invited
15. The new dictionary are very useful. They______ well and_______ already.
A. sell; have been sold out B. sold; had sold out
C. are sold; have been sold out D. sell; sell out
16. I_____ to help you but I was not able to spare any time. I _____ a paper last night and I will finish it today.
A. wanted; have been writing B. have wanted; wrote
C. had wanted; wrote D. had wanted; was writing
17.－Long time no see. Haven’t you graduated from college?
－Yes. I _____ English for four years in
A. have studied B. am studying C. study D. studied.
18. －Did you telephone the Governor’s office?
－Yes, he ______ back before tomorrow morning.
A. is expected B. is expecting C. expected D. is to expect
19. By the time he arrives in
A. have been staying B. have stayed C. shall stay D. will have stayed
20. －Is this raincoat yours?
－No, mine there behind the door.
A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung
21.I wonder why Jenny ______ us recently. We should have heard from her by now. (2002)
A hasn’t written B doesn’t write C won’t write D hadn’t written
22. －Nancy is not coming tonight. －But she_____!
A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
23.The little girl _____ her heart out because she _____ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it. (2002北京)
A had cried; lost B cried; had lost C has cried; has lost D cries; has lost
24.He will have learnt English for eight years by the time he ____ from the university next year.
A will graduate B will have graduated C graduates D is to graduate (2002上海)
25.I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoilt child. (2002上海)
A is to blame B is going to blame C was to blame D should blame
26.－Sorry, Joe, I didn’t mean to… (2003NMET)
－Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr Parker to you, and you forget it!
A.do B.didn’t C.did D.don’t
27.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness____. (03)
A.has grown B.is growing C.grew D.had grown
28.Why don’t you put the meat in fridge? It will ____ fresh for several days. (2003NMET)
A.be stayed B.stay C.be staying D.have stayed
29.How can you possibly miss the news? It _______ on TV all day long. （2004北京春季）
A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be
30.－Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. －Where was I? （2004北京春季）
－You ______ you didn’t like your father’s job.
A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying
31.I arrived late; I _____ the road to be so icy. （2004北京春季）
A. wouldn’t expect B. haven’t expected
C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expecting
32.I _____ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time!
A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep （2004北京春季）
C. fell asleep D. fall asleep
33. More patients________ in hospital this year than last year. (2004江苏卷)
A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated
34. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people_______ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.
A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun
35. －The window is dirty. (2004广西卷)
－I know. It ______ for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned B. hasn’t been cleaned C. wasn’t cleaned D. didn’t clean
36. －You were out when I dropped in at your house. (2004福建卷)
－Oh, I_______ for a friend from England at the airport.
A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited
37. The discussion_______ alive when an interesting topic was brought in.(2004浙江卷)
A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came
38. Because the shop______, all the T-shirts are sold at the half price. (2004浙江卷)
A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down
39. －Has Sam finished his homework today? (2004全国卷II)
－I have no idea. He _______ it this morning.
A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
40. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I _____ half of it.(2004全国卷I)
A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed
41. It is said in the book that Tomas Edison(1847-1931)________the world leading inventor for sixty years.(2004辽宁卷)
A. would be B. has been C. had been D. was
42. －I hear that Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her birthday.（2004湖南卷）
－Oh, how nice! Do you know when she_______ ?
A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left
43. －George and Lucy got married last week. Did you got to the wedding? (2004湖北卷)
－No, I_______. Did you have a big wedding?
A. wasn’t invited B. haven’t been invited C. hadn’t been invited D.didn’t invite
44. －What would you do if it_______ tomorrow? (2005全国卷I、II)
－We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.
A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining
45. The hero’s story_______ differently in the newspapers. (2005全国卷I、II)
A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported
46. The coffee is wonderful! It doesn’t taste like anything I ________ before. (2005全国卷I、II)
A. was having B. have C. have ever had D. had ever had
47. Listen to the two girls by the window. What language_______?(2005全国卷III)
A. did they speak B. were they speaking C. are they speaking D. have they been speaking
48. －Did you tell Julia about the result? (2005全国卷III)
－Oh, no, I forgot. I________ her now.
A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call
49. He __ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.(2005北京)
A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned
50. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when______ and see him. (2005北京卷)
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
51. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _____ for
A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left
52. More than a dozen students in that school __ abroad to study medicine last year.(2005上海)
A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent
53. －What’s wrong with your coat?
－Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ______ on it. (2005重庆)
A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting
54. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage _______ by a storm which swept across the north of
A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused
55. Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science______ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill. (2005广东)
A. showed B. will show C. has shown D. is showing
56. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _____ placed under the Minister’s car.(2005广东)
A. has been B. had been C. was being D. would be
57. Father _____ for
A. has left B. left C. was leaving D. had left
58. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ____ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. (2005湖北)
A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide
59. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People ______ to ask how I am going to spend the money. (2005湖南)
A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning
60. They______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _____ it as no good results have come out so far. (2005江苏)
A. had been working; are stilling working B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working
61. －Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. (2005江西)
－Oh! I thought they _______ without me.
A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had gone
62. The manager had fallen asleep where he ______ , without understanding. (2005安徽)
A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied
63. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _____ the pacific, and we met no storms. (2005辽宁)
A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. had been called
64. －Are you still busy?
－Yes, I ______ my work, and it won’t take long. (2005浙江)
A. just finish B. am just finishing C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
