英语单词词性转换的基本规律：doc全文下载 href="/Upload/UploadFiles//coach_UploadFiles_8112/201311/2013112610260448.doc">英语单词词性转换的基本规律：doc全文下载

英语单词词性转换的基本规律

动词(v.)→名词(n.)

(a)词形不变,词性改变

例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词(工作,学习,浇水,种植),也可以用作名词(工作,学习,水,植物).

 (b)一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词

例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer,

         jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner,

         visit—visitor, invent—inventor,collect—collector等.

注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r.

            例如:drive—driver, write—writer等.

         2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er

            例如：run—runner, win—winner,begin—beginner等.

 (c)在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词

例如:achieve—achievement (成就)           

advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告)

     agree—agreement      disgree—disagreement          

 amuse—amusement (娱乐)      improve—improvement(争吵)

commit(奉献)—commitment      develop—development (发展)              

depart—department (局,部)     govern(统治)—government(政府)

manage—management (管理)        equip—equipment (装备)

有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment.   

例如:argue—argument(争论)

 (d)在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词

例如: attract—attraction;   instruct—instruction; 

invent—invention discuss—discussion; 

express—expression educate—education;