英语语法介词考点归纳及语法填空：doc全文下载 href="/Upload/UploadFiles//coach_UploadFiles_8112/201311/2013112509264667.doc">高中英语语法介词考点归纳及语法填空：doc全文下载

介词考点归纳

语法填空对介词的考查点是：1、常见介词的基本用法；2、与介词构成的一些习惯搭配。例如：I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him    23    his own either.（2011，广东）

一、介词的分类

1．按结构分类

（1）简单介词

（2）双重介词

from behind                      until after                         since before

（3）短语介词

2．按意义分类

（1）表示地点、方位的介词: _____________________________________________________

① We’ll meet each other _____ the bus stop.

② Mr. White lived ______ Hong Kong for 20 years.

   Shandong Province lies _______ the east of China.

③ The book you want is _____ the shelf.

   Mongolia lies ______ the north of China.

   Wuhan is located ______ the Yangtze River.

④ Shandong Province lies ______ the southeast of Hebei Province.

⑤ There is a bridge ______ the river.

   She put her letter _______ the pillow.

   The plane is flying ________ our heads.

（2）表示时间的介词: _______________________________________________________________

① ______ noon; _______ night; _______ midnight; ______ dawn; _______ daybreak; ______ dusk;

_____ sunrise; _______ sunset; ______ 6:35

② _____ the Qin Dynasty; _______ the 1980s; ______ October; _____ the evening

  I’ll be back ______ an hour.

  My father will be back ________ 5 o’clock.

  My mother came back 3 days ______.

③ ______ National Day; ______ a rainy day; ______ Monday morning; ______ Thursday; _____ December 23^rd;

  _______ the afternoon of January 22^nd; ______ the eve of victory

④ ______ the time he was five, he had learned 500 Chinese characters.

   He had collected 3000 stamps ______ last month.

⑤ Mr. Brown has lived in the countryside ______ almost fifteen years after his retirement.

⑥ We have lessons _______ 6:30 to 22:30 every day.

⑦ Linda has been doing her homework ______ 7 o’clock.

（3）表示方式的介词: __________________________________________________

① She cut the apple into four equal parts ______ a knife.

   We see ______ our eyes, hear _______ our ears, and walk ______ our legs.

② He made a living ______ fishing.

③ You must write your composition _____ black ink.

   They can communicate with each other ______ English.

   固定结构：“用……方法”：________ this/that/the same way

                           ________ means of

                           ________ this/that means

                           ________ this/that method

（4）表示交通/旅行的方式: _______________________________________________

① ______ water; ______ land; _______ air; ______ rail; _______ sea; ______ taxi; ______ spaceship;

  _____ plane; _______ train; ______ ship; _______ boat; _____ bike; ______ bus

② I came here ____ a taxi.

   They left ______ a early train.

   He usually goes to school ______ his own bike, but today he went to school ______ foot.

（5）表示“在……之间”的介词

This secret is only __________ you and me.

   What’s the difference __________ the two words?

   We visited a small village __________ mountains last month.

   He divided his money __________ John, Helen and his nephew.

(注：当句中出现divide, share等词时，如果后面跟着几个单数名词，则用between；如果后面是复数名词，between和among都可以。)

（6）引导不定式短语的逻辑主语的介词: ___________________________

① It is kind _______ the teacher to help support the poor students.

   = The teacher is kind to help support the poor students.

② It is quite important ______ us to protect our environment.

③ It was foolish _______ him to do such a thing.

（注：当形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的性质、特性时，用of，常见的形容词有：kind, good, nice, clever, stupid, foolish, considerate, polite, impolite, cruel等；当形容词说明不定式的性质、特性时，用for，常见的形容词有：important, necessary, possible, impossible, difficult, easy等。）

（7）表示“除……之外”的介词: _______________________________

① We all passed the exam _______ Tom.

   He has always in high spirits _________ recently.

   He has always been busy _______ when it is Sunday.

   I asked nothing from him ____________ that he should write to me every other week.

② _________ English, he also knows French and German.

   I don’t want to go; ________, I’m too tired.

③ The composition is good _______ for a few spelling mistakes.

   Your coat is good _______ for its colour.

   ________ for this, everything is in good order. = Everything is in good order _______ this.

注：except意为not including(不包括……); besides意为in addition to“除……之外(还有……)”， besides还可以作副词，意为“而且”(in addition; also; moreover; furthermore).

   except for后的宾语与句子主语所涉及的事物不属同类。

（8）表示比较范围的介词

① The Yellow River is the second longest river ________ China.

② ______ all the boys, Jack runs the fastest.

   Tim seems to be the more diligent _______ the two brothers.

二、常见介词构成的短语

1. 由at构成的短语：

at table _________    at risk ____________   at a time ____________  at one time ___________

at times _________   at all time _________   at the same time __________   at present ________

at least _________    at most __________    at will __________ at all costs _______________

at the sight of __________                  at the thought of ______________

2. 由by构成的短语：

by accident/chance/design _____________     by coincidence ______________

by mistake ___________  by e-mail ____________    by no means __________  by means of __________

2. 由from构成的短语：

from beginning to end _____________        from now on ___________     from time to tome _________

from head to foot _______________          from day to day __________    from bad to worse _________

3. 由in构成的短语：

in high/poor spirits ______________          in tears ____________        in fear ____________

in danger _____________    in trouble _____________   in peace ___________    in surprise __________

in good health _________    in silence _____________   in a sense __________    in a way ____________

in short ________          in general ___________     in case ___________     in public _________

in no time __________      in good condition ______________   in other words _____________

in the long run ________________   in order _____________     in return _______________

in one’s opinion ______________    in the course of ____________   in advance _______________

in the meantime ______________    in the end _____________

4. 由on构成的短语：

on board __________       on duty ___________     on watch ___________    on fire _________

on earth __________        on business _______     on sale ___________     on holiday/vocation_________

on trial __________         on show _________      on a visit _________     on purpose ____________

on average ________        on the contrary ________________      on the other hand _________________

on the pone _________       on the way _____________           

5. 由of构成的短语：

of great help __________      of much value _____________    of great importance __________________

of no use ____________       of no hope ________________

6. 由to构成的短语：

(much) to one’s surprise/delight/regret/horror/sorrow/disappointment

=(much) to the surprise/delight/regret/horror/sorrow/disappointment of sb.

填介词的情况：1、空格后是名词或代词，且名词前面有冠词或代词修饰, 而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时

              2、固定短语搭配

                              实战演练

用适当的介词填空

1. Fred entered  without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ______ a chair. (安徽)

2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave _____ the back door. (2008北京)

3. A great man shows his greatness ______ the way he treats little men. (福建)

4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _____ her foot wounded so much. (福建)

5. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and _____ the point. (辽宁)

6. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing _____a stepping-stone to future success. (宁夏)

7. I began to feel ______ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. (山东)

8. Elizabeth has already achieved success ________ her wildest dreams. (陕西)

9. Everything was perfect for the picnic except  ____ the weather. (浙江)

10.-When did you last hear _____ Jay?

 -He phoned me this morning, and we agreed ____ a time and place to meet. (湖南)

11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school _____ girls of your age. (北京)

12. Although _______ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own. (福建)

13. Scientists are convinced ____ the positive effect of laughter ____ physical and mental health. (江西)

14. Experts have been warning  _____ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. (江西)

15. The manager suggested an earlier date  _____ the meeting. (全国)

16. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _______ money these days.(全国)

17. —How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! (2009福建卷)

—It’s a challenge, I guess, _____ man against nature.

18. Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems____ themselves, and solve their problems ____ themselves. (2009湖南卷)

19. A great person is always putting others’ interests _____ his own. (2009四川卷)

20. Everybody was touched______  words after they heard her moving story. (2009全国I)

21. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, _____ little foreign ownership. (2009北京卷)

22. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot ______ easy reach. (2009山东卷)

23. He invited me to a dance after the show ______ Christmas Eve. (2009陕西卷)

24. Try on this red skirt; you will look great______ it. (2009重庆卷)

25. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are _____ everyone’s enjoyment. (2010北京卷)

26. I agree to his suggestion _____ the condition that he drops all charges. (2010辽宁卷)

27. My father warned me ______ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. (2010天津卷)

28. The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money______  me. (2010重庆卷)

29. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back  ________ a big tree. (2010四川卷)

30. Sean has formed the habit of jogging  ______ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day. (2010上海卷)

用适当的词填空

1. I don’t like the book I borrowed; will you please change it for ____________?

2. The sun came out ______ behind the cloud.

3. Many people applied _______ the position ______ a salesman in the company.

4. I can’t take charge of the company because I’m afraid it’s beyond___________ ability.

5. The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting.

6. I don’t think _______ wise to spent so much money on the project. ________ the cost, it’ll take a long time.

7. ______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this week.

8. He rent a house ______ the year.

9. ______ a cold morning of the winter, the wild tiger may have died _______ hunger.

10. The teacher reminded the students to go ______ their compositions and correct the mistakes by __________.

11. Don’t read _____ the sun, which is harmful to your eyes.

12. You should be prepared _______ being fired _______ what you have said about the boss in his presence.

13. It was a pity that the great writer died ______ his work unfinished.

14. Most of the audience wondered _______t idea a man who’s deaf ______ birth can have of music.

15. You can’t wear a blue jacket over that shirt—_______ will look terrible.

16. Much _____ my surprise, he refused to cooperate with us.

17. I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just      case.

18. When Jane got home, ________ her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already at table having supper.

19. The young man went home ______ a happy heart.

20. Jane stopped _________ a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _____ sale.

21. Chinese proverbs are rich and ________ are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life.  __________these proverbs there are often interesting stories.

22. I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me _______ a guest in their house.

23. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman ________ the trouble I had caused her.

24. He invited me to a dance after the show ________ Christmas Eve.

25. Children need friends ________ their own age to play with.

26. Try on this red skirt; you will look great ________ it.

27. She took me from_________ poor, unhappy college student and brought me _______ her world, a world of smiles, love and warmth.

语篇填空 用适当的介词填空

     Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1 _____ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman 2 _____ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought    3____  the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon 4_____  1909.

Having been raised 5 _____ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 6______ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 7______ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora’s father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration 8 _____ Spokane, Washington 9 ____the 19th of June, 1910.

In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June 10 ____ Father’s Day. Roses are the Father’s Day flowers.