二、定语从句
<一>引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词
关系词
修饰先行词
例句
关系代词
that
人 / 物
Do you know the man that / who is talking to my brother?
你认识和我哥哥聊天的那个人吗?
which
物
The book that / which I borrowed from John is very interesting.
我从John那借来的书很有趣儿。
who
人
I don’t know the man that / who is waiting for you at the gate.
我不认识在大门口等你的人。
whom
人
The man that / whom you met in the supermarket is Tom’s father.
你在超市遇见的那个人是Tom的父亲。
whose
人 / 物
Do you know the man whose wife is injured in a car accident?
你认识那个在车祸中妻子受伤的人吗?
关系副词
when
时间
I will never forget the day when I met you.
我永远忘不了我遇见你的那一天。
where
地点
That is the school where I have studied for 6 years.
那就是我学习了六年的学校。
how
方式
I have forgot the way how to get to the railway station.
我已经忘了去火车站的路。
why
原因
That is the reason why he didn’t come.
那就是他没来的原因。
<二>that和which引导定语从句的区别
1.不用that的情况
(1)在引导非限定性定语从句时
例句:He can speak English fluently,which impressed me most.
他的英语讲得很流利,给我留下了深刻印象。
(2) 介词后不能用
例句:This is the house in which I have lived for 2 years.
这就是我居住了两年的房子。
2.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
(1)在不定代词,如:anything, nothing, something, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。
例句:There is nothing that we can use.
这里没什么我们可用的东西。
(2)先行词有no, the only, the very, some修饰时,只用that。
例句:This is the very man that I want to meet.
这正是我要见的人。
(3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。.
例句:That is the most important thing that I want to know.
那是我想知道的最重要的事。