it引导的强调句（CET英语）

1．it引导的强调句型，通常形式为：It＋be＋被强调部分＋that／who＋其它。这种强调句由普通陈述句转换而来，用来强调句子的主语、宾语或状语。例如：
Karl bought Marva a bicycle on her birthday．卡尔在玛瓦生日那天给她买了一辆自行车。
It was Karl that／who bought Marva a bicycle on her birthday．（强调主语）
It was Marva for whom Karl bought a bicycle on her birthday．（强调间接宾语）
It was a bicycle that Karl bought Marva on her birthday．（强调直接宾语）
It was on her birthday that Karl bought Marva a bicycle．（强调状语） ______ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist．
A）It was from Stephen
B）It was Stephen whom
C）It was from Stephen that
D）It was Stephen that （B4．1990．1－48，C对。强调状语）她是从斯蒂芬那儿第一次听说被称为专家的那个人。 It was the training that he had as a young men ______ made him such a good engineer．
A）that
B）has
C）what
D）later
 （1999年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题，强调主语）A对。正是他年轻时候接受的训练使他成为一名优秀的工程师。（试比较： The training that he had as a young man made him a good engineer．）
但是这种句型通常不用来强调表语，例如我们不说：＊It is a teacher that he is． 2．注意区别强调句中的that／who分句与定语从句：
It was the student that／who asked the silly question．是一个学生问了这么一个愚蠢的问题。（分裂句）
He was the student who asked the silly question．他就是问了这么一个愚蠢问题的学生。（划线部分是定语从句）
3．在含有until时间状语的否定句中，如果强调时间状语，就成了it is ／was not until．．．that．．．．例如：
We did not begin studying French until we entered university．我们进了大学才开始学法语。要强调until we entered university，就成了：
It was not until we entered university that we began studying French． ______ the 18th century that man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of the mind．
A）During
B）In
C）It was until
D）It was not until D对。直到十八世纪，人们才意识到：心理活动与整个大脑有关。
4．这种句子也可能是疑问句：
Why is it that you hate winter？你究竟为什么不喜欢冬天？
How was it that you missed such a wonderful lecture？你怎么会错过这么精彩的报告？
When was it that they went abroad？他们什么时候出国的？
 5．这种结构还常常出现在谚语里，表示"无论怎样……都不……"，是一种反语式的强调用法；原来是莎士比亚时代的用法，所以现在容易出现理解上的错误。例如：
 It’s a wise father who knows his own child．无论多聪明的父亲也不见得了解自己的孩子。 It’s an ill wind that blows nobody（any） good．此失则彼得，没有使所有的人都受害的坏事。

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