1.含并列连词AND BUT OR的平行结构

　　解题要点当上述并列连词连接两项或多项对等成分时，这些成分必须同词性、同形式。特别注意出现三项以上(含三项)的并列成分，多是考试焦点。

　　全真例题分析

　　(1) QUARTZ MAY BE TRANSPARENCY, TRANSLUCENT, OR OPAQUE, AND IT MAY BE COLORLESS OR COLORED (91.5)

　　[答案> A并列连词OR连接三项，其中两项为形容词TRANSLUCENT与OPAQUE，故(A)应用形容词TRANSPARENT与之并列。

　　(2) AT THE AGE OF 94. COMPOSER, CONDUCTOR. ARRANGER. AND ACTING EVA JESSYE LED HER CHORALSGROUPSIN THE FIRST PRODUCTION OF THE OPERA PORGY AND BESS, WRITTEN IN 1935. (92.1)

　　[答案> A并列连词AND连接四项表示身份职业的名词，故(A)动名词应改为ACTRESS。

　　(3) ATROPHY IS A DECREASE IN SIZE OF A CELL, ORGAN, TISSUES, OR OTHER PART OF THE BODY SUCH AS (91.10)

　　[答案> C并列连词OR连接四项名词结构，其中CELL和ORGAN皆为单数形式，故(C)亦应改为单数TISSUE。

　　(4) DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISING SERVES TO ACQUAINT CUSTOMERS WITH PRODUCTS, ALERT THEM TO NEW OPPORTUNITIES, AND PAVING THE WAY FOR OTHER SALES ACTIVITIES (93.1)

　　[答案> C并列连词AND连接三项动宾结构，前两项均为动词原形，故(C)动名词亦应改为原形动词PAVE.

　　(5) A MAJORITY OF THE REPORTS RECEIVED FROM PEOPLE CLAIMING TO HAVE SEEN THE LENGENDAIY LOCH NESS MONSTER HAVE PROVEN TO BE MISTAKES, MISCONCEPTIONS, OR THEY WERE BEING TRICKED. (93.10)

　　[答案> D并列连词OR连接三项成分。前两项均为名词，故(D)不应出现句子结构，而应改为名词TRICKS与前面的MISTAKES和MISCONCEPTIONS平行。

　　(6) THE TONGUE IS CAPABLE OF MANY MOTIONS AND CONFIGURATIONS AND PLAYS VITAL RODE IN CHEWING, SWALLOWED AND SPEAKING.

　　[答案> D并列连词AND连接三个单词。其中两项均为动名词，故(D)亦应改为动名词SWALLOWING。

　　2.比较级句型要求对比双方结构对等，比较范围相当。

　　全真列题分析

　　(1) PROBABLY NO MAN HAD MORE EFFCET ON THE DAILY LIVES OF MOST PEOPLE IN THE UNITED STATES ------- HENRY FORD. A PIONEER IN AUTOMOBILE PRODUCTION.

　　(A) AS WAS

　　(B) THAN WAS

　　(C) THAN DID

　　(D) AS DID (92.8)

　　[答案> C比较句型MORE…THAN要求比较的双方结构相等。前项是实义动词的过去时形式HAD，故选(C)THAN DID与之平行。

　　(2) THE STATE OF MAINE GENERALLY HAS COOLER TEMPERATURES THAN -------

　　(A) THERE ARE MOST OTHER STATES

　　(B) MOST OTHER STATES WHICH HAVE

　　(C) MOST OTHER STATES HAVE

　　(D)SHAVINGSMOST OTHER STATES (93.10)

　　[答案> C这是标准的MORE…THAN比较句型。只有(C)的句子结构与相对比的前一项完全一致。

　　(3) THE ANNUAL WORTH OF UTAH*S MANUFACTURING IS GREATER THAN-------

　　(A) THAT OF ITS MINING AND FARMING COMBINED

　　(B) MINING AND FARMING COMBINATION

　　(C) THAT MINING AND FARMING COMBINED

　　(D) OF ITS COMBINATION MINING AND FARMING (91.8)

　　[答案> A此句比较的是UTAH的年产值(THE ANNUAL WORTH) (A)中THAT即代替了THE ANNUAL WORTH，故前后比较的范围，内容一致。

　　(4) THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETING RESEARCHER ARE FREQUENTLY MUCH BROADER THAN-------

　　(A) THE DOMESTIC MARKETER HAS

　　(B) THE DOMESTIC MARKETER DOES

　　(C) THOSE OF THE DOMESTIC MARKETER

　　(D) THAT WHICH HAS THE DOMESTIC MARKETER (91.5)

　　[答案> C此句比较的是国际市场研究者与国内市场研究者的活动(THE ACTIVITIES)为避免同词重复，用(C)THOSE来代替前面的名词THE ACTIVITIES ,因而对比双方比较的范围是平行相等的。

　　(5) FRUCTOSE IS A MONOSACCHARIDE SUGAR THAT IS MUCH SWEETER -------

　　(A) THAN CANE SUGAR DOES

　　(B) DOES CANE SUGAR

　　(C) CANE SUGAR

　　(D) THAN CANE SUGAR (90.5)

　　[答案> D此比较句型前半部分主系表结构，后半部不可出现助动词DOES(答案A及B)，但可省略系词，如(D)。

　　3.比较句型THE +比较级…THE＋比较级要求前后结构相等。

　　全真例题分析

　　(1) THE FLATTER A HAIR APPEARS UNDER A MICROSCOPE ------- WAVIER IT IS.

　　(A) ALTHOUGH

　　(B) WHICH

　　(C) AND

　　(D) THE (92.1)

　　[答案> D THE FLATTER A HAIR APPEARS与(D)THE WAVIER IT IS是完全对等的结构。

　　比较级主语谓语动词比较级主语系动词

　　(2) THE LESS THE SURFACE OF THE GROUND YIELDS TO THE WEIGHT OF THE BODY OF A RUNNER, ------- TO THE BODY.

　　(A) THE STRESS IT IS GREATER

　　(B) GREATER IS THE STRESS

　　(C) GREATER STRESS IS

　　(D) THE GREATER THE STRESS (90.1)

　　[答案> D THE LESS THE SURFACE与答案(D) THE GREATER THE STRESS是完全对等的结构。

　　4.语意上的平行结构

　　解题要点有一些词和短语表达比较的概念，尽管不是比较级句型，但同样要求前后对比双方同形式，同性质。

　　全真例题分析

　　(1) ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL ONCE TOLD HIS FAMILY THAT HE WOULD RATHER OF THE DEAF ------- OF THE TELEPHONE.

　　(A) THAN INVENTING

　　(B) THAN AS THE INVENTOR

　　(C) THE INVENTION

　　(D) AS THE INVENTOR (90.8)

　　[答案> B表示比较概念的短语WOULD RATHER…THAN应使用平行结构。

　　(2) THOMAS JEFFERSON*S ACHIEVEMENTS AS AN ARCHITECT RIVAL HIS CONTRIBUTIONS ------- A POLITICIAN.

　　(A) SUCH

　　(B) MORE

　　(C) AS

　　(D) THAN (90.1)

　　[答案> C动词RIVAL (比得上)要求比较二项结构相等。

　　(3) CALIFORNIA*S AGRICULTURAL SUPREMACY DATES FROM 1947. WHEN ITS FARM OUTPUT FIRST ------- ANY OTHER STATE.

　　(A) THAT EXCEEDED

　　(B) EXCEEDED THAT

　　(C) EXCEEDED THAT OF

　　(D) THAT EXCEEDED OF (92.10)

　　[答案> C动词EXCEEDED (超过)要求比较的内容相当。(C)代词THAT用以指代比较的内容“FARM OUTPUT”

　　(4) IT IS COMMON LCNOWLEDGE THAT A FLASH OF LIGHTNING IS SEEN BEFORE A CLAP OF THUNDER HEARD . (93.5)

　　[答案> D连词BE FORE用以引出先后发生的两个动作。从句意上看。这两个动作是对比关系，故应用平行结构。(D)改为A CLAP OF THUNDER IS HEARD ,与A FLASH OF LIGHTNING IS SEEN相平衡。